विर्जिनियाविश्वविद्यालय:
SAST 255: The Languages of South Asia
I. Transcribing vowels
[ ] or [ ] as in {mum} or {some} will be written as /a/.
अ
[a] as in {Mom} will be written as /a/ or /a:/ or /aa/.
आ
[ ] as in {mix} or {pin} will be written as /i/.
इ
[i] as in {machine} will be written as /�/ or /i:/ or /ii/.
ई
[ ] as in {cook} or {foot} will be written as /u/.
उ
[u] as in {stew} or {food} will be written as /�/ or /u:/ or /uu/.
ऊ
[e] as in {May} or {fade} will be written as /e/ or /e/.
ए
[�] as in {mass} or {fad} will be written as /�/ or /ai/.
ऐ
[o] as in {most} or {go} will be written as /�/ or /o/. ओ
[ ] as in {law} or {fought} will be written as /au/.
और
II. Transcribing consonants
[k] as in {Scot} or {skill} will be written as /k/. क
[kh] as in {cot} or {kill} will be written as /kh/. ख
[g] as in {got} or {gill} will be written as /g/. ग
[gh] (as in {pig-headed}) will be written as /gh/. घ
[ ] as in {longing} will be written as / / or /ng/.
ङ
[c] as in {chat} or {church} will be written as /c/. च
[ch] (as in {atchoo!}) will be written as /ch/. छ
[j] as in {Jim} or {judge} will be written as /j/. ज
[jh] (as in {orange-house}) will be written as /jh/. झ
[�] as in {lunch} or {onion} will be written as / �/. ञ्:
[t] (as in {warts} or {stop}) will be written as /t/ or /T/.
ट
[th] (as in {wart} or {top}) will be written as /th/ or /Th/.
ठ
[d] (as in {ward} or {drop}) will be written as /d/ or /D/.
ड
[dh] (as in {hard-hearted}) will be written as /dh/ or /Dh/.
ढ
[n] (as in {warn} or {harness}) will be written as /n/ or /N/.
ण
[t] (as in {eighth} or {what thing}) will be written as /t/.
त
[th] (as in {fourth tear}) will be written as /th/. थ
[d] (as in {breadth} or {breathed}) will be written as /d/.
द
[dh] (as in {breathed hard}) will be written as /dh/. ध
[n] as in {fifteenth} or {one thing} will be written as /n/.
न
[p] (as in {spot} or {spiel}) will be written as /p/. प
[ph] (as in {pot} or {peel}) will be written as /ph/. फ
[b] (as in {bed} or {Bob}) will be written as /b/. ब
[bh] (as in {abhor}) will be written as /bh/. भ
[m] as in {mum} or {Mom} will be written as /m/. म
[j] as in {yes} or {Yule} will be written as /y/. य
[r] as in {rest} or {rule} will be written as /r/. र
[l] as in {look} or {lean} will be written as /l/. ल
[ ] (as in {vine} x {wine}) will be written as /v/.
व
[] as in {shoe} or {lash} will be written as /s/ or /sh/.
श
[s] (as in {marsh}) will be written as /s/ or /S/. ष
[s] as in {Sue} or {lass} will be written as /s/. स
[h] (as in {Husain}) will be written as /h/. ह
III. Transcribing other sounds (later additions to Devanagari)
[q] (as in {Luke} vs {leek}) will be written as /q/. क़
[x] as in {Jose} or {Bach} will be written as /x/. ख़
[ ] (as in {cigarette}) will be written as /G/. ग़
[z] as in {zoo} or {rose} will be written as /z/. ज़
[r] (as in {birdie} or {word}) will be written as /r/ or /R/.
ड़
[rh] (as in {bird-head}) will be written as /rh/ or /Rh/.
ढ़
[f] as in {fast} or {off} will be written as /f/. फ़
IV. Misc: [ ] as in {met} or {said} will be written as /3/.
एॅ
Index to मल्हार .
Drafted in Sep 2002 and posted on 26 Jan 2005.